https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/tags/the-14th-century/ Recent content in The 14th Century on Life In Good Measure Hugo -- gohugo.io en-us Mon, 27 Mar 2023 08:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1333/ Mon, 27 Mar 2023 08:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1333/ In the year 1333, forces loyal to Emperor Go-Daigo enter and destroy the city of Kamakura - thus ends the Kamakura period, and the Kenmu Restoration begins (May 18), King Edward III of England seizes the Isle of Man from Scottish control (Jun 8), Alhambra is converted into a royal palace by Yusuf I, Sultan of Granada - and all these fine people were born: 1333-xxxx Jacques de Hemricourt* mayor of Liège/chronicler of the nobility of Hesbaye - Liege (1403/c. https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1303/ Sun, 18 Sep 2022 04:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1303/ The Pharos of Alexandria. Coloured engraving, ca. 1804-1811. Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence In the year 1303, the Scottish are victorious over the English in Roslin, part of the First War of Scottish Independence (Feb 24), the Treaty of Paris ends the Anglo-French War of 1294–1303 (May 20), and Gascony is restored to England (May 29), a major earthquake near Crete badly damages the Lighthouse of Alexandria in Egypt, one of the seven wonders of the world (Aug 8), the Avoirdupois system of weights (pounds & ounces) and measures is introduced to England and Wales – and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1330s/ Sat, 09 Jul 2022 04:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1330s/ Two sides of a half groat with portrait of King Edward III. Photo credit Numisantica In the year 1330, King Edward III of England starts his personal reign by executing the regent Roger Mortimer (Oct 19), the Wallachians (Romanians) defeat the Hungarians, thus getting closer to independence (Nov 12), the British Isles are hit by a great storm, creating large areas of sand dunes on Anglesey (Dec 6), the city of Kirkkonummi in Finland is founded, Riga Castle is founded by the Livonian Order – and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1362/ Thu, 07 Jul 2022 04:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1362/ St Patrick’s Cathedral in Dublin, Ireland. Founded in 1191 In the year 1362, King Haakon VI of Norway, son of Magnus IV of Sweden, proclaims himself king of Sweden in opposition to his father - later reconciled, they rule Sweden together (Feb 15), a fire destroys much of St Patrick’s Cathedral in Dublin (Apr 6), England and Castile form an alliance (Jun 22), the Chancellor of England opens Parliament with a speech in English for the first time, English now the official language in law courts instead of French (Oct 13) - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1337/ Tue, 03 May 2022 04:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1337/ In the year 1337, Edward the Black Prince, age 6, establishes the Duchy of Cornwall, becoming the first English Duke (Mar 16), Philip VI of France confiscates Gascony on the French coast from English control (May 24), Edward III of England formally rejects Philip VI’s claim to the French throne, and thus begins the Hundred Years’ War (1337-1453) (Oct), slavery is forbidden in Sweden, the famine in China, which had lasted since 1332 and killed 6 million people, comes to an end - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1377/ Sun, 27 Mar 2022 04:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1377/ The four suits of playing cards from the 14th century. Here the Trentine pattern, related to the Bergamo and Brescia patterns. In the year 1377, the 10-year old Richard II (grandson of Edward III) is crowned king of England (Jul 16), the Trezzo sull’Adda Bridge in Lombardy is completed, becoming the longest arch bridge in the world to be built for four centuries, Novgorod raids Ostrobothnia in Finland, Prince John of Castile issues prohibitions against card games, followed by the cities of Florence and Basel - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1340s/ Sat, 15 Jan 2022 04:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1340s/ In the year 1340, King Edward III of England is declared King of France (Jan 26), Rotterdam in the County of Holland is officially declared a city (Jun 7), the kings of Castile and Portugal defeat the Nasrid ruler of Granada and his Moroccan allies (Oct 30), and there are around 74 million Europeans. 1340-0305 Cansignorio della Scala* Lord of Verona - Verona (1375/35) 1340-0306 John of Gaunt* English prince/military leader/statesman - Ghent, Flanders (1399/59) https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1399/ Sun, 05 Dec 2021 04:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1399/ Achaea on Peloponnesos, Greece In the year 1399, Richard II of England (a.k.a. Richard of Bordeaux) is taken prisoner upon his return from Ireland (Aug 19), the English parliament accepts Henry Bolingbroke as the new king of England (Sep 30), and he is crowned as Henry IV (Oct 13), the Principality of Achaea resists an invasion by the Ottoman Empire, Novgorod forces make frequent attacks in northern Finland, the Kingdom of Mysore (surviving until 1950) in India is founded - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1400/ Sun, 28 Nov 2021 04:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1400/ In the year 1400, Henry IV of England executes Earls of Kent, Huntingdon and Salisbury, and the Baron de Despencer for their attempt to have Richard II restored as king (Jan) who then soon dies in captivity (Feb 14), the English occupy Edinburgh, but fail to capture Edinburgh Castle (Aug), the Mississippian Culture starts to decline, the Kingdom of Kongo begins, remaining mostly independent for nearly 500 years - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1390/ Sat, 09 Oct 2021 08:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1390/ The construction of the first Templo Mayor began sometime after 1325. It was rebuilt six times, and destroyed by the Spanish in 1521 In the year 1390, John VII Palaiologos becomes the new Byzantine Emperor (Apr 14), Robert III becomes King of Scotland (Apr 19), the Kingdom of Kaffa is established in present day Ethiopia, Templo Mayor is built in the Aztec capital of Tenochtitlan, construction begins on San Petronio Basilica in Bologna, the Lithuanian Civil War goes on - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-the-1370s/ Wed, 22 Sep 2021 04:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-the-1370s/ “La Bastille en 1420”, a painting by Théodore Hoffbauer (1839-1922) In the year 1370, the Treaty of Stralsund ends the war between Denmark and the Hanseatic League (May 24), Hugues Aubriot begins construction of the fortress of the Bastille in Paris, and the steel crossbow is first used as a weapon of war, and the Hundred Years' War (1337–1453) goes on. 1370-0411 Frederick I* Elector of Saxony - Dresden, Margravate of Meissen, Holy Roman Empire (1428/57) https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1346/ Sun, 22 Aug 2021 06:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1346/ In the year 1346, a severe Black Death epidemic, the most fatal pandemic recorded in human history, begins in the Crimea (spring), Edward III and the English army begin an invasion of France (Jul 11), the English defeat the French in the Battle of Crécy, the first one in Europe where gunpowder is used (Aug 26), Denmark sells Danish Estonia to the Teutonic Knights (Aug 29), the English army defeats the Scots in the Battle of Neville’s Cross (Oct 17), the Black Death keeps spreading in Eurasia and North Africa, causing the death of 75–200 million people before ending in 1351 - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1359/ Sun, 30 May 2021 08:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1359/ In the year 1359, France repudiates the terms of the Second Treaty of London, dissatisfied with loss of French territory (May 25), King Erik Magnusson of Sweden dies, and sole power is restored to his father, King Magnus (Jun 21), Edward III invades France again, but is forced to accept lesser terms (Nov), Dmitry Donskoi becomes the Grand Duke of Moscow, Ismail II overthrows his uncle as King of Granada, Berlin joins the Hanseatic League - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1351/ Thu, 22 Apr 2021 03:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1351/ In the year 1351, Edward III of England institutes the Treason Act of 1351, one of the earliest statutes still in force under English law (Jan 14), in the Hundred Year’s War, the French are defeated by the English at the Battle of Taillebourg in Cascony (Apr 4), Zürich joins the Swiss Confederation (May 1), Vantaa in Finland is first mentioned, the Turks cross the Dardanelles into Europe for the first time, King Ramathibodi I ascends the throne in Ayutthaya (now Thailand) and begins to propagate Theravada Buddhism as the state religion - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1390s/ Thu, 01 Apr 2021 23:20:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1390s/ Templo Mayor in Tenochtitlan like it used to look This article of the decade of 1390s will serve mostly as historical background material as individual year files will as a rule not be published. 1390 Individual post In the year 1390, Robert III becomes King of Scotland (Apr 19), the Kingdom of Kaffa is established in present day Ethiopia, Templo Mayor is built in the Aztec capital of Tenochtitlan, and construction begins on San Petronio Basilica in Bologna. https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1389/ Fri, 26 Mar 2021 14:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1389/ Statue of Queen Margaret I in Roskilde, Denmark In the year 1389, Queen Margaret of Norway and Denmark, and the founder of the Kalmar Union, defeats the King of Sweden in battle, and becomes ruler of all three kingdoms (Feb 24), the Käpplinge murders take place in Stockholm (Jun), Serbs are victorious over the Ottoman Empire in the Battle of Kosovo (Jun 15), Carmo Convent is built in Lisbon - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1319/ Fri, 19 Feb 2021 05:00:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1319/ In the year 1319, three-year-old Magnus Eriksson becomes King of Norway (May 8) and is then elected King of Sweden (the second longest-reigning monarch in Swedish history), thus establishing a union with Norway (Jul 8), Scottish troops defeat an English army in the Battle of Myton in Yorkshire, the first major engagement in the First Scottish War of Independence (Sep 20), James of Aragon renounces his right to inherit the Crown of Aragon and his marriage to Eleanor of Castile, in order to become a monk (Dec 22) - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-the-1380s-2/ Mon, 15 Feb 2021 08:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-the-1380s-2/ In the year 1380, Olaf II of Denmark also becomes Olaf IV of Norway, thus also ruling over Iceland and the Faroe Islands (Feb), Caucer begins to write his greatest work, The Canterbury Tales, the last islands of Polynesia are discovered and inhabited - and all these fine people were born: 1380-xxxx Johann Schiltberger* German traveller/writer - Freising or Munich, Holy Roman Empire (1440/c.60) 1380-0211 Poggio Bracciolini* scholar/humanist - Terranuova, Republic of Florence (1459/79) https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1329/ Wed, 27 Jan 2021 08:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1329/ Tenhola Church from the late 15th century In the year 1329, King John of Bohemia captures the pagan fortress Medvėgalis in Lithuania and baptizes 6,000 of its defenders (Feb 1), the emperor of Ethiopia, Amda Seyon I, begins his campaigns in the southern Muslim provinces, providing for the spread of Christianity to frontier areas (Feb 18), over 160 people are killed in Braganstown massacre in Ireland (Jun 10), the town of Tenhola in southern Finland is founded - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1357/ Mon, 18 Jan 2021 12:15:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1357/ In the year 1357, Erik Magnusson is recognized as king of most of Sweden, in opposition to his father, King Magnus (Apr 28), Peter I becomes King of Portugal, after the death of his father, Alfonso IV (May 28), Charles Bridge in Prague is founded (Jul 9), influenza is first identified as a disease - and all these fine people were born: 1357-xxxx Art Óg Mac Murchadha Caomhánach* (Art MacMurrough-Kavanagh) King of Leinster - Leinster, Ireland (1417/c. https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-the-1380s/ Tue, 13 Oct 2020 08:11:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-the-1380s/ Map of Oceania In the year 1380, Olaf II of Denmark also becomes Olaf IV of Norway at the age of five (Feb), the Venetian fleet defeats the Genoese in the Battle of Chioggia (Jun 21), Geoffrey Caucer begins to write his greatest work, The Canterbury Tales, the last islands of Polynesia are discovered and inhabited - and all these fine peope were born: 1380-xxxx Johann Schiltberger* German traveller/writer - Hollern near Munich (1440/c. https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1364/ Mon, 14 Sep 2020 10:33:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1364/ Bogdana Monastery in Moldavia In the year 1364, Albrekt of Mecklenburg becomes King of Sweden (Feb 15), Charles V becomes King of France (Apr 8), the Jagiellonian University is founded in Kraków (May 12), Bogdana Monastery is built in Moldavia - and all these fine people were born: 1364-0520 Henry “Hotspur” Percy* knight/fought in campaigns against the Scots and in the Hundred Years' War - Warkworth, Northumberland, England (1403/39) 1364-0911 Christine de Pizan* poet/author/political thinker - Venice, Republic of Venice (c. https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1320s/ Tue, 03 Sep 2019 14:05:50 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1320s/ In the year 1320, the Scots reaffirm their independence by signing the Declaration of Arbroath (Apr 6), the Venetian Arsenal is rebuilt, enabling all the state’s navy and the larger merchant ships to be constructed and maintained in one place, Dante’s Quaestio de Aqua et Terra is published – and all these fine people were born: 1320-xxxx [Valdemar IV Atterdag](http://Valdemar IV Atterdag)* King of Denmark - Helsingør, Kingdom of Denmark (1375/c. https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-the-1310s/ Tue, 30 Oct 2018 10:11:04 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-the-1310s/ In the year 1310, Muhammed III, former Sultan of the Emirate of Granada, is found dead in a pool (Mar), 54 members of the Knights Templar are burned at the stake for heresy in France (May 11), Dante publishes his Divine Comedy, the first purpose-built accommodation for students is completed in Merton College in Oxford, England - and all these fine people were born: 1310-0430 King Casimir III the Great of Poland* - Kowal, Poland (1370/60) 1310-1129 John de Mowbray 3rd* spent first 17 years imprisoned in the Tower of London/officer - Hovingham, Yorkshire, England (1361/50) 1311-xxxx Lincoln Cathedral in England becomes the world’s tallest building, surpassing the Great Pyramid of Giza 1311-0813 Alfonso XI of Castile* - Salamanca, Spain (1350/38) 1312-0629 Henry VII, Holy Roman Emperor, is crowned in London In the year 1313, the Siege of Rostock ends 1313-xxxx Cola di Rienzo* politician/popular leader - Rome, Papal States (1354/c41) 1313-0209 Maria of Portugal* Queen of Castile through her marriage to Alfonso XI - Portugal (1357/43) 1313-0801 Emperor Kōgon* 光厳天皇 the first of the Emperors of Northern Court - Japan (1364/51) In the year 1314, Jacques de Molay, the last Grand Master of the Knights Templar, is burned at the stake in Paris (Mar 18), King Haakon V of Norway moves his capital from Bergen to Oslo (Aug 31), () 1314-0318 The last Grand Master of the Knights Templar is burned at the stake in Paris, France In the year 1315, Louis X is crowned King of France (Aug), Pisa defeats the forces of Florence and Naples (Aug 29), (), the new French king abolishes slavery within the Kingdom of France, Cairo (capital of Mamluk Egypt) becomes the largest city of the world, and the Great Famine of 1315–1317 (killing millions of people in Europe) begins. https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-the-1300s/ Sat, 13 Oct 2018 19:35:54 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-the-1300s/ In the year 1300, money from Florence in Italy becomes the world’s first international currency, Amsterdam is officially declared a city, census in Imperial China reveals that it has around 60 million inhabitants, Aztec culture starts in Mesoamerica around this time - and all these fine people were born: 1300-xxxx Jeanne de Clisson* Breton privateer - Belleville-sur-Vie, France (1359) 1301-0723 Otto, Duke of Austria* and Styria - Vienna, Austria (1339/37) https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1350s-2/ Sat, 22 Sep 2018 08:11:22 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1350s-2/ [caption id=“attachment_5400” align=“alignleft” width=“375”]A Tale from the Decameron by John William Waterhouse, 1916[/caption] In the year 1350, supporters of William V, Count of Holland, found the Cod League (May 23), an English fleet commanded by King Edward III defeats a Castilian fleet at Winchelsea, but trouble along the English coast is ongoing (Aug 29), conservative noblemen in the County of Holland found the Hook League (Sep 5), the Hook and Cod wars in Holland go on until 1490, the Black Death (peaking in Europe from 1347 to 1351) first appears in Scotland, Giovanni Boccaccio starts writing the Decameron - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1360s/ Thu, 06 Sep 2018 04:07:00 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/data-for-1360s/ [caption id=“attachment_5114” align=“alignright” width=“405”]Black Monday: Edward III vows to end the wars[/caption] In the year 1360, Edward III marches on Paris (Apr 5), but a freak hail storm devastates his army on Black Monday (Apr 13), Edward III gives then up his claim to the French throne in return for Calais & Gascony (Oct 24), King Valdemar Atterdag of Denmark reconquers Scania, Sweden’s since 1332, Muhammed VI overthrows his brother-in-law as King of Granada (in present-day Spain), but is shortly after overthrown by the former king, Muhammed V - and all these fine people were born: https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/the-14th-century-2/ Tue, 14 Aug 2018 08:11:18 +0000 https://lifeingoodmeasure.com/the-14th-century-2/ Pick one year or decade between 1301 and 1400! If you have ancestors born during this century that you know of, you can have them added in the list by simply leaving a comment in the box below the year or decade in question. The decades for the 14th century will have links by and by. The individual years will be few and far between unless we will get plenty of requests from genealogists, but here down below will be a few.